Leica M Monochrom (Typ 246) review

Leica's black-and-white-only rangefinder camera gets an upgraded sensor, screen and processor

Leica M Monochrom Typ 246

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Despite the lovely build and feel of the camera it is its image quality that makes it stand out. Pictures are really full of detail to a degree that we wouldn't expect from a normal 24MP sensor. Edges are smooth when viewed at 100%, and the artefacts of interpolation and compression don't make an appearance. JPEG files are just as well populated with texture and fine, uninterrupted detail as the raw DNG files are, and confusing or overlapping patterns never turn into a mush of moiré and interference. The benefits of each pixel reading out its own value, instead of cluster readings averaged across four (which is how regular color sensors work), makes a very big difference to the final result – as we would expect it to.

I compared a collection of images taken on the Monochrom with files recorded with the Nikon D610 in both its colour and black and white modes. While the D610 has a wider dynamic range and is much more capable of retaining highlight details with minimal effort on the part of the user, it is not as able to record fine detail as clearly as the Monochrom. The Leica files process a definition and clarity – a 'clean-ness' – that normal Bayer-pattern sensors cannot match.

Leica M Monochrom (Typ 246) sample image

Does the Leica's monochrome sensor really capture more detail than a regular colour sensor? The same scene was shot using a D610, also with a 24-megapixel full-frame sensor (above) and the Leica M Monochrom. The areas circled in red are where the differences are most clearly apparent.

Leica M Monochrom (Typ 246) sample image

Nikon D610 image, converted to black and white, with contrast and clarity adjustment.

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Leica M Monochrom (Typ 246) sample image

Leica Monochrom M (Typ 246), with contrast and clarity adjustment. While the Nikon D610 has done well to resolve the fine detail of the mesh over the window, the grass and the screen on the gates in each case the image from the Monochrom shows that detail more clearly and in a more defined way. Each pixel of the Monochrom sensor reads out and relates to a pixel in the finished image, while normal sensor aggregate information from four pixels to determine colour and luminance. In short, the filter-less sensor of the Monochrom reads and outputs more detail.

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The greatest difference between raw and JPEG files from this camera is that the JPEGs are less forgiving of the limited dynamic range of the sensor. Highlights burn out quite quickly, a fact not helped by some over-bright metering, and I found I was working between -0.3EV and -1EV compensation as standard.

Leica M Monochrom (Typ 246) sample image

The camera has a tendency to over expose, leaving highlight detail burned out. This shot needed a bit more than the +/-3EV exposure compensation range of the camera.

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Leica M Monochrom (Typ 246) sample image

JPEG image from camera.

Leica M Monochrom (Typ 246) sample image

Raw version. This pair of images demonstrates the difference between raw and JPEG files from the camera. The JPEG is quite contrasty and has information missing from the reflection on the subject's head. The raw file is also missing some information in that area, but far less. The lower contrast of the raw example shows what information and detail can be recovered from the shadows of the Monochrom's DNG files.

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Unsurprisingly, JPEG files return with a good deal more punch in the middle tones than the raw files do, and they look good and ready to print for it. Raw files need a proper boost to get them going and looking three dimensional – but the great thing is they can cope with it. I found the tones are really pretty flexible in the centre of the range, and stretching and compressing can be done without hard transitions appearing. There is a lovely soft quality to unworked images that suits some subjects much better than others, but which works especially nicely for low contrast portraiture. Obviously, as much contrast as you like can be injected afterwards for a whole range of looks.

Noise isn't much of an issue either, as what exists isn't anywhere near as destructive as normal image noise. At ISO settings up to and including ISO 1600 noise is hardly noticeable. When it appears at higher settings it is as a fine grain that is atmospheric rather than objectionable. A definite benefit of the filter-less, non-interpolating sensor is that noise doesn't destroy detail, and even the noise-reduction that takes place in JPEG files leaves behind fine textures and detail. Images shot at ISO 320 and 400 are just extremely smooth and capable of recording the finest detail. There is a faint base texture, but the overall appearance is of a very clean image.

Leica M Monochrom (Typ 246) sample image

The camera accepts independent lenses as well as Leica's own, although it isn't entirely comfortable doing so. This was shot with the Voigtlander 50mm f/2.5 Color-Skopar at f/3.5.

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Leica M Monochrom (Typ 246) sample image

Most normal cameras would struggle to reproduce the very fine receding detail of the patterned metal on the side of this footbridge. This is where moire patterning usually comes in, or just interference in the finest details. The Monochrom though has managed to preserve the pattern without interference until it fades into a smooth texture.

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Leica M Monochrom (Typ 246) sample image

I found working with a small discrete camera made it easy to ask people in the street to pose for me. Without a giant DSLR between me and them I was able to maintain a connection, and they weren't faced with something that looked professional. The Monochrom looks harmless.

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Leica M Monochrom (Typ 246) sample image

The softer contrast of the Monochrom files helps when we are trying to create separation in tones that are similar. Here I wanted to make the most of the light on the boy's face to lift him from the background, and the Monochrom files could cope easily without breaking up.

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Leica M Monochrom (Typ 246) sample image

When the exposure is captured dead-on, here with -2.66EV, the tonal range of the camera can be exploited to the full to show maximum detail in highlights as well as shadows.

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Leica M Monochrom (Typ 246) sample image

The M system has some exceptional lenses with wide apertures and sharp rendering throughout the aperture range. The soft mid tones of the Monochrom was able to make the most of the resolution of the 50mm Summarit-M, used here at f/4, to show the delicate tonal transitions in the shady grasses.

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