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Dynamic range is a measure of the range of tones the sensor can capture. Cameras with low dynamic range will often show 'blown' highlights or blocked-in shadows. This test is carried out in controlled conditions using DxO hardware and analysis tools.
Read: Noise and dynamic range results explained
Dynamic range is measured in exposure values (EV). The higher the number the wider the range of brightness levels the camera can capture. This falls off with increasing ISO settings because the camera is having to amplify a weaker signal. Raw files capture a higher dynamic range because the image data is unprocessed.
Canon G3 X dynamic range charts
JPEG dynamic range analysis: Images from the G3 X have a good range of tones up to around ISO 6400.
Raw (converted to TIFF) dynamic range analysis: The G3 X's dynamic range is good up to around ISO 400, but there's a fairly dramatic drop at sensitivities above this value.
